Berkeley Fall Freshman Program 2000
Geography 4 - Forsberg
Study questions for the second midterm:
- In addition to these questions, study the vocabulary definitions and
main points listed at the end of each chapter.
Chapter 6 & pp.189-207
- Define culture, and then explain how it relates to every aspect of
life.
- Why are the three images of Los Angeles (p.242) so different?
- Why is it so difficult to map a culture accurately?
- What can cause distortions in an individual's cognitive images or reality?
- What is the difference between modernity and postmodernity as they
relate to development?
- What effect are modern technologies of telecommunication having on
culture?
- Not everyone uses the world wide web. Which parts of the world have
the heaviest internet use?
Chapter 7
- What are the assumptions behind Rostow's theory of development as stages
of growth?
- What are the first, second, and third worlds and when were they invented?
- What is a tariff and what purpose do they serve?
- What are GNP/GDP and what do they show about a country's development?
What do they NOT show?
- Give examples of other statistical indicators used to measure development.
- Developing countries have work forces engaged for the most part in
which sector of the economy? What about 'post-industrial' countries?
- How do agglomeration effects produce an external economy?
- How does development in the core lead to backwash effects in the periphery?
- In what ways can a government promote economic growth in a region?
- What are the advantages to a manufacturer that sets up a transnational
commodity chain?
- What industry produces the largest source of revenue in world trade
today?
- How does knowledge impact economic development?
Chapter 8
- Compare and contrast hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture,
and commercial agriculture.
- Describe the nature, advantages, and disadvantages of shifting cultivation
and pastoralism. In what parts of the world with what types of climates
is each most likely to be practiced? Does each tend to take place in areas
of low, medium, or high population density, and why?
- Describe the development of soil as a system. What produces it?
- Compare and contrast the 'traditional' and 'conventional' models of
agriculture in terms of pattern and purpose.
- Compare and contrast the characteristics of a field planted as a polyculture
with one planted as a monoculture. Which is better for the soil?
- Define biotechnology, explain how it has been used so far, and analyze
its positive and negative effects, both now and in the future.
- Discuss some of the impacts of agriculture on the environment.
- Explain how the application of computer technology is revolutionizing
agriculture by making it more precise.
Chapter 9 & pp.207-213
- Discuss the concepts of boundaries and frontiers in political geography.
- Define and distinguish between the following: State, sovereignty, nation,
nation-state, nationalism.
- Why are true nation-states so rare?
- Give an example of a nation without a state, and explain what problems
they might experience.
- Why is it important that a state be a contiguous entity?
- Define 'cultural nationalism' and give an example.
- What is a supranational organization? Give an example of how they are
changing the role of the state.