Berkeley Fall Freshman Program 2001
Geography 4 - Forsberg
Study questions for the second midterm:
- In addition to these questions, study the vocabulary definitions
and main points listed at the end of each chapter.
Chapter 6 & pp.189-207
- Define culture, and then explain how it relates to every
aspect of life.
- Why is it so difficult to map a culture accurately?
- What can cause distortions in an individual's cognitive images
or reality?
- Why are the three images of Los Angeles (p.242) so different?
- What is the difference between modernity and postmodernity
as they relate to development?
- Modern technological innovations can often be quite disruptive.
Explain why.
- What effect are modern technologies of telecommunication
having on proxemics? on laws regarding privacy?
- Explain how computers have enabled advertising strategies
to shift from mass marketing to niche marketing.
Chapter 7
- What are the first, second, and third worlds and when were
they invented?
- What are the assumptions behind Rostow's theory of development
as stages of growth? Compare with the assumptions behind dependency
theory.
- What are GNP/GDP and what do they show about a country's
development? What do they NOT show?
- Give examples of other statistical indicators used to measure
development.
- What is affluenza and what is the cure?
- Developing countries have work forces engaged for the most
part in which sector of the economy? What about 'post-industrial'
countries?
- How do agglomeration effects produce an external economy?
(e.g. Singapore)
- How does development in the core lead to backwash effects
in the periphery?
- In what ways can a government promote economic growth in
a region?
- What is a tariff and what purpose do they serve?
- How does knowledge impact economic development? What conclusions
may be drawn from a world map of GNP?
Chapter 8
- Compare and contrast hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture,
and commercial agriculture.
- Describe the nature, advantages, and disadvantages of shifting
cultivation and pastoralism. In what parts of the world with
what types of climates is each most likely to be practiced? Does
each tend to take place in areas of low, medium, or high population
density, and why?
- Describe the development of soil as a system. What produces
it?
- What are the effects of modern chemical agriculture on living
soil systems?
- Compare and contrast the 'traditional' and 'conventional'
models of agriculture in terms of pattern and purpose.
- Compare and contrast the characteristics of a field planted
as a polyculture with one planted as a monoculture. Compare the
strategies behind each pattern.
- Define biotechnology, explain how it has been used so far,
and analyze its positive and negative effects, both now and in
the future.
- Discuss some of the impacts of agriculture on the environment.
Chapter 9 & pp.207-213
- Discuss the concepts of boundaries and frontiers in political
geography.
- Define and distinguish between the following: State, sovereignty,
nation, nation-state, nationalism.
- Why are true nation-states so rare?
- Give an example of a nation without a state, and explain
what problems they might experience.
- Why is it important that a state be a contiguous entity?
- Define 'cultural nationalism' and give an example.
- What is a supranational organization? Give an example of
how they are changing the role of the state.